Grid_and_Finance

1. Introduction
2. State-of-the-art Summary
3. Research Needs
4. Ranking
5. Critical Issues
6. Critical Research Needs
7. Reference List
8. List of Acronyms



1. Introduction
1.1. Interaction between production and consumption (EMS)
1.1.1. Production and Consumption patterns
1.1.2. Utility operation and energy management systems:
1.1.3. Means to face production-consumption balance
1.2. Design and operation of the transmission grid : Connection technology for LSOWE
1.2.1. Technical feasibility limits?for LSOWE grid connection
1.2.2. Reliability and maintainability of offshore electrical equipment
1.2.3. AC/DC conversion technology
1.2.4. Improving LSOWE grid connection reliability
1.2.5. Innovative solutions
1.3. Impact of LSOWE on power system performance:
1.3.1. Power Quality issues :
1.3.2. Impact of wind turbine generator type and power electronics on power quality
1.3.3. Dynamic grid Stability analyses
1.3.4. Secondary Control requirements
1.3.5. Contribution to ancillary services
1.4. Power system planning and grid access
1.5. Financing of large offshore wind farms
1.5.1. Investment budget for LSOWE
1.5.2. Investment risk of LSOWE
1.5.3. Financing conditions and insurance for LSOWE projects
1.5.4. Impact of support mechanisms for LSOWE development

2. State-of-the-art Summary
2.1. Interaction between production and consumption ?Energy Management Systems
2.1.1. Production and consumption patterns
2.1.2. Energy Management
2.1.3. Energy Storage
2.1.4. Forecasting tools
2.2. Design and operation of the transmission grid : A. Connection technology for LSOWE
2.2.1. Feasibility limits
2.2.2. Reliability / Maintainability
2.2.3. Innovative solutions
2.3. Design and operation of the transmission grid: B. Impact of LSOWE on power system performance
2.3.1. Power quality
2.3.2. Grid Infrastructure
2.3.3. Grid stability
2.3.4. Impact on national grids
2.4. Design and operation of the transmission grid : C. Power system planning and grid access for LSOWE
2.4.1. Grid access requirements
2.4.2. Ancillary services
2.4.3. National Grid
2.4.4. International Grid Aspects
2.4.5. Power System Planning
2.5. Financing of large offshore wind farms
2.5.1. Investment budget
2.5.2. Investment risk
2.5.3. Financing conditions
2.5.4. Insurance conditions
2.5.5. Support mechanisms

3. Research Needs

4. Ranking

5. Critical Issues

6. Critical Research Needs

7. Reference List

8. List of Acronyms